safe driving

Amazon Finds Ways Around Strained Supply Chain, But is it Safe?

December 14, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

“There are structural advantages you have in redundancy if you’re Amazon,” said former Amazon leader who guided logistics software-focused teams, Jason Murray. “Amazon has its own transportation network, it has access to all the carriers. Multiple ships, multiple factories.”

Because of this, the major online retailer has been able to circumvent shipment difficulties that have left boxes and boxes of product inventory stuck at ports along the west coast–Los Angeles in particular–by chartering the Olive Bay and subsequently dispatching to a port north of Seattle (where the company’s base is located). Amazon has also docked at the Port of Houston, in addition to Everett, allowing the retailer to meet the demands of one of the biggest online shopping holiday seasons to date. In fact, according to Adobe, shoppers across the United States are projected to spend $207 billion among online retail options–a 10% increase from 2020.

To help keep these shipments moving smoothly and efficiently, Amazon brought on an additional 150,000 seasonal employees, offering sign-on bonuses of up to $3,000 and overall pay boosts. Costs for logistical moves–such as dispatching trucks that are only half-full–to meet demands during the ever-important holiday shopping season and an ongoing major boost in e-commerce will likely reach around $4 billion, enough to put many other companies out of business.

However, Amazon vans hauling cargo from hundreds of delivery depots, thousands of employees and contracted workers, Amazon-chartered ships bringing in products from Asian factories, and Amazon Air cargo jets making their way across the country will all be to thank if Amazon meets the high demands of customers across the country.

“Amazon had space on ships, and I couldn’t say no to anyone,” said home decor and lighting retailer David Knopfler of Lights.com. His comments come as one of thousands of sellers offering their products on Amazon’s website who previously refused to do so. The reason? These companies would need to share pricing and supplier information and data with Amazon, potentially allowing for future competition with the company. However, holiday season container shortages made it difficult for these merchants to refuse access to these shipment capabilities.

“It’s a one-stop-shop from Asia to Amazon,” said Goja’s CEO, Walter Gonzales. Goja sells a variety of products on Amazon’s site. “It reduces the gray areas where the shipping process might fail.”

Now, Goja has stocked up on 95% of the inventory it will need to fill holiday season orders, Gonzales noted.

In fact, Amazon has been booking cargo ship space in advance since around 2015 in an effort to make for a smooth-as-possible shipping process between its warehouse and Chinese factories, an irresistible offer for nearly any online seller.

“They basically went from zero containers a month a few years ago to over 10,000 containers a month,” said ocean freight consultant Steve Ferreira. “The thing is an 800-pound gorilla now.”

Still, bringing Amazon customers their holiday season orders efficiently and on-time has been trickier in the midst of a continuous labor shortage; job-hunt websites have been filled with Amazon warehouse gigs fit with incentives, benefits, and bonuses. Overtime opportunities are allowing employees to earn even more than their supervisors, although the pressure of current demand may not be worth the extra income.

“Amazon will stick to its guns and get things to customers,” said former Amazon Logistics executive, David Glick. “It’s going to be extensive, but in the long term, [it] builds customer trust.”

Regardless of efforts to keep customers happy during this time, Levinson and Stefani’s Ken Levinson wants to make sure Amazon–and any company hiring transportation workers right now–is bringing in the best candidates possible and keeping them trained and well-informed on all aspects of safety protocol. Safe driving is imperative, he said.

“It goes back to training,” he explained. “Just because someone may be in a rush to get things done, it’s not an excuse to let safety go to the wayside. Often, companies have unrealistic expirations based on their workers’ pay and delivery times that can create a huge incentive to be unsafe, and we can’t have that. We have to make sure they’re going to regulate themselves.”

He also hopes police offers are keeping a close eye on everyone hauling shipments over the holidays, especially given the inclement weather that comes with the winter season.

“Law enforcement needs to be diligent in making sure safety laws are adhered to, especially when it comes to speeding and driving in hazardous conditions,” Levinson said.

CVSA Conducts Another Safe Driver Week, Focuses on Top Violation: Speeding

October 27, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

During the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance’s Operation Safe Driver Week safety initiative, law enforcement across North America stopped 46,058 drivers in both passenger and commercial motor vehicles who were driving dangerously, according to recently-released results.

During the July 2021 event, police officers stopped 17,910 passenger vehicles and 28,148 commercial motor vehicles and issued 16,863 citations and 10,486 warnings. Speeding was this year’s top overall violation, and was also the priority for the Safe Driver Week itself.

“Officers issued 11,039 citations and 5,478 warnings for speeding/basic speed law/driving too fast for conditions,” said CVSA in a tweet when initiative results were announced. Of these speeding violations, passenger vehicle drivers received 9,349 citations and 2,929 of warnings; commercial drivers received 1,690 citations and 2,549 warnings.

This amount of speeding violations by truck drivers, specifically, is unacceptable if we want any peace of mind on American roadways, explained Levinson and Stefani’s Ken Levinson.

“Companies need to police their own drivers,” he said. “They can’t and they shouldn’t put unrealistic expectations on their professional drivers to get to a dropoff or pickup location without violating safety rules. It’s clear and obvious that companies that are unsafe and have only major profit motives skirt around safety rules and force their drivers into situations where, in order for them to get to a location on time, they have to speed.”

94% of car crashes are caused by driver behavior, according to the National Highways Traffic Safety Administration. Additionally, the majority of deaths in crashes involving large trucks include the occupants of the passenger vehicle involved (which make up about 71% of these deaths) versus the occupants of the truck involved (which make up about 18% of these deaths).

“We have to make sure that doesn’t happen, whether we’re policing the companies, policing the actual drivers, or really enforcing these safety measures–because the consequences are just too great,” said Levinson.

For passenger vehicle drivers stopped during the weeklong safety initiative, the top violations were: speeding, with 9,349 citations; failure to wear a seat belt, with 1,355 citations; distracted driving using a handheld phone, with 573 citations; possession, use, or being under the influence of alcohol or drugs, with 428 citations; and failure to obey a traffic control device, with 336 citations.

For the commercial motor vehicle drivers that were stopped, the top five violations were: speeding, with 1,690 citations; failure to wear a seat belt, with 1,225 citations; failure to obey a traffic control device, with 522 citations; texting with a handheld phone, with 344 citations; and improper lane change, with 112 citations.

“It’s incumbent upon drivers to be as defensive as possible,” noted Levinson. “These trucks are very heavy and dangerous, and oftentimes a trucker may be pressured to drive more quickly to make their hours or they may not be as alert as they should be–so we all must be as defensive as possible.”

Sometimes, passenger drivers may have too much trust in the drivers around them–which can be especially dangerous when driving near large commercial vehicles, Levinson added.

“It’s not always realistic to avoid incidents with these big trucks because they often do things that are beyond our control to avoid,” he said. “Just be very aware that these trucks are dangerous and use extreme caution.”

Even though overall miles traveled numbers fell during the pandemic, traffic fatalities increased by 10.5% in 2021’s first quarter, according to NHTSA.

“When you’re behind the wheel, watch your speed, and never drive distracted,” said the agency in a tweet.

Alongside the initiatives during Operation Safe Driver Week, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration conducted its own investigative event to target motor carriers with a history of unsafe driving behavior and crash incidents.

“Since we know that most crashes are caused by drivers,” said President of CVSA, Captain John Broers, “The best way to prevent crashes is to start with the cause–drivers.”

Post-Pandemic Roadways Seeing More Traffic Once Again–What Does That Mean for Safety?

June 17, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

LOS ANGELES, CA – MARCH 22: Rush hour traffic fills the 101 freeway on March 22, 2006 in Los Angeles, California. According to a recent report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Los Angeles ranks only behind New York with the dirtiest and most hazardous air to breathe. Although Angelinos breathe cleaner air than they did in the 1970’s, they face a cancer risk that is about twice the national average. (Photo by David McNew/Getty Images)

At the peak of the coronavirus pandemic, we reported on data showing that although stay-at-home orders had cleared up a majority of traffic congestion throughout the nation’s roadways, overall levels of road safety had remained incredibly low.

“Unfortunately, the pandemic has exposed our road safety culture for what it is,” explained National Safety Council President and CEO, Lorraine Martin, at the time. “We did not reap the safety benefits we should have experienced.”

Martin noted that the clearer roadways motivated many drivers to drive much more carelessly than usual, and drivers are often tempted to reach dangerous speeds when roads are empty–they often may also fail to use a seat belt due to a false sense of security.

“It’s clear that our open roads have created somewhat of an open season for reckless driving,” Martin added.

Now, it seems that even those who did drive safely–or stayed home completely–during the pandemic have had trouble adjusting to roadways getting crowded once again as more drivers return to work, according to industry experts.

“What we’re observing is that as the rest of us get back on those roads, we’ve forgotten how to share the road,” said Geotab’s executive vice president of sales and marketing, Colin Sutherland. ”We see cars pulling in directly in front of heavy-duty trucks on the highway, forgetting that heavy-duty trucks need more room for braking than the car does.”

In an effort to boost overall roadway safety, Geotab–a vehicle tracking service–collaborated in a campaign with Together for Safer Roads during the United Nations’ recent Global Road Safety Week. During the campaign, the two organizations called on commercial fleets to help bring an end to speed-related road accidents.

As we approach the Summer months, Sutherland warns that these days are the most important to stay particularly safe and aware while driving, as the number of road trips rises and more people than usual hit the road.

“That’s being borne out [of] the increase in accidents that are happening on the road today,” he explained. “An increase over pre-COVID, which is very scary.”

In 2020, America’s roadways saw more vehicle crash deaths than they have in the past 13 years–42,060 people are believed to have died in fatal crashes–8% more than in 2019, even though fewer people were driving throughout the year. All motor vehicle total miles driven even fell by 13% in 2020 from 2019.

The Safety Management Council of American Trucking Associations is currently studying the traffic changes and their effects from the COVID-19 pandemic while we wait for the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration to release its official 2020 truck and bus accident report.

“We are starting a benchmarking group and will hopefully have this data more readily available,” said ATA’s Safety Management Council executive director, Jacob Pierce. “There are [fewer] cars on the road, so you’d figure that there would be [fewer] accidents. However, [fewer] cars on the road equals probably more passenger vehicles driving [with more risk], driving faster, [and] really not paying attention.”

In regards to the differences that are expected between roadway activity as people return to the roads after lockdown and how drivers behaved on the roads during the pandemic, there is no way to make any real predictions.

“It could go either way,” explained Angela Savino, a business law attorney at Perez Morris. “There certainly was more trucking activity. So, [given] that alone, you might think there was an uptick. But It was a whole different set of circumstances–just the congestion on the road was different”

Many industry experts were genuinely shocked at the data coming from roadway traffic accidents in 2020.

“The last year had a surprising amount of activity–from my perspective–[more] than would have been expected,” said Bluewire’s chief legal officer, Doug Marcello. “Anecdotally, I had more accidents that we were engaged to deal with immediately over the first month of the pandemic than I did most other months, and all of them were situations where four-wheelers had thrown caution to the wind and ended up striking the truck in some way.”

Severe Weather Forces DOTs to Clear Roads in New Ways

April 23, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

“Corrosion from road de-icers is a multi-billion-dollar issue for fleets…once it starts, it starts eating everything alive,” said Atro Engineering Systems area sales manager, Brian Herrington.

The de-icing methods involving road salts, sand, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride have been a go-to for areas experiencing the often-dangerous effects of winter weather on roads. Still, it’s well-known that these methods can cause huge corrosion issues for fleets, and now, many states across the country are aiming to solve this issue.

Corrosion inhibitors and brine technology are now making their way into the de-icing game, so that states can lessen the amount of product and chemicals needed to keep roads clear and safe.

The amount of salt utilized to clear roads has been on the incline over the last few years as more states develop more bare-road policies and as more drivers expect clear pavement–and are unable to drive otherwise. This increase in salt use has also been creating more problems for equipment and the environment as a whole, explained Phill Sexton, the CEO of WIT Advisers. WIT works with winter management and landscaping companies throughout the continent.

“We’re finding out salt is a pollutant in a major way to fresh-water resources,” Sexton explained, noting that chlorides are not biodegradable and cannot be diluted. “It is killing off aquatic ecosystems and becoming a drinking water hazard.”

To salt or not to salt is one of the trickiest decisions for Fairbanks maintenance district superintendent for the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Dan Schacher, because he understands the real effects of these environmental hazards.

“It impacts people,” he said. “It impacts my budget, but there is a societal cost to a crash, and there is a really big societal cost to a fatality. If I can show we’re reducing accidents and fatalities, then I am comfortable making that decision. If you wash your equipment or use these salt-away products we use on our equipment, it will be fine.”

Road-Weather Technology, which uses automated vehicle-location equipment and mobile data decision support, has been extremely useful to the Minnesota Department of Transportation, which has been utilizing this tech to be able to monitor and apply an appropriate amount of material to roads depending on current weather conditions, explained MnDOT’s maintenance research and training engineer, Thomas Peters.

Other DOTs have been focusing on updating equipment in more efficient ways to reduce the amount of salt they use, which Montana State University’s Western Transportation Institute research scientist, Laura Fay, said is the case in her state. Fay is also a program manager for cold climate operations and systems and infrastructure longevity and sustainability at the school.

“A big part of this has been motivated by reduced and shrinking budgets over time,” Fay explained. “They can’t just keep buying salt because they can’t afford it, or it is [a] heavy winter and they cannot get more salt in time.”

WIT Adviser’s Sexton explained that Brine technology has been particularly helpful in lowering the amount of product needed for road clearing, as rock salt doesn’t tend to become effective for de-icing until it converts to a brine.

According to Fay, salt brine is a solution of 23.3% salt, as opposed to 100% salt, which is much more corrosive. By using liquids, only 40 gallons of salt brine are needed to de-ice one lane mile as compared to the 250 pounds of rock salt that would be needed for the same stretch of road.

Additionally, the anti-icer liquid can be laid out onto a road well in advance, which can be much more convenient for city workers, Fay noted.

“If they know a big storm is coming in, they can go out 12 hours in advance. They can treat the roads when they’re on shift and not on overtime,” she said.

Brine can also be applied where desired without any material loss, and, once activated, the brine will prevent snow or ice from bonding to pavement.

“When you go and plow, it makes plowing much easier,” added Fay.

“Why wouldn’t you do that?” asked Sexton, who noted that the amount of salt needed for his roads was reduced by at least 70% when switching to a brine method. “There are economic and environmental benefits to doing this.”

“You’re putting much less product onto the road and into the environment,” Fay agreed, also saying that long-term cost savings are more than worth the initial investment that brine-making equipment may require.

“Brine has the advantage of being cheaper and ensures the material sticks directly to the road surface,” said Ohio Department of Transportation spokesman, Matt Bruning. “Salt offers a little traction and extends the ice melting process by taking more time to go into solution.” Brine also only costs pennies per gallon to create, Bruning added.

AV Legislation Returns to House, While Some Supporters Say Reconsideration Unlikely

January 7, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

The U.S. House of Representatives is considering a bill that would allow car manufacturing companies to distribute up to 100,000 self-driving vehicles. The legislation, called the SELF DRIVE Act, has received little-to-no attention over the last few years. It was passed unanimously in 2017 by the House, but failed within the Senate. Democrats and trial lawyers both worried about potential lawsuits that could arise if someone is injured or killed in an autonomous vehicle.

The measure would give the Secretary of Transportation the ability to make federal motor vehicle rule exemptions regarding a car’s need to have a human operator on board. 25,000 cars per carmaker could be operated initially if a company can show it meets traditional vehicle safety standards.

Following a period of one year, a manufacturer’s exemptions would rise to 50,000 and then to 100,000 in the two following years. States would not be able to limit sales more than the federal statute with any new laws. Right now, a car manufacturer can produce 2,500 self-driving vehicles for testing.

Ohio Representative Bob Latta believes the self-driving measure should resurface in Congress after the House’s major backing in 2017.

“This is a very good bill,” Latta said. “Not only for safety–we had over 37,000 people killed in traffic accidents–but also for the bipartisan work that was done.”

However, Michigan Representative Debbie Dingell said she won’t support the revisited measure, although she was a proponent of the 2017 version, because she doesn’t believe it will reach proper reconsideration in committee or within Congress before the end of the term.

“The Congress should have considered autonomous vehicle legislation, but for a variety of reasons, that has not occurred,” she explained.

Latta’s “desire to see action by our colleagues” is respectable, Dingell said, and agrees that immediate action on the matter of AV is necessary. She also expects 2021 to include many bipartisan discussions on self-driving legislation, and that she has already received Democratic leader commitment to making the issue a priority if the democrats continue their control of the House.

Bringing back the legislation was a “cynical” move for lawmakers who have seemed nonchalant in regards to AV regulation, said Center for Auto Safety executive director, Jason Levine.

“As a reminder, this bill contains no regulatory or testing requirements to improve public confidence in the long-term safety of driverless vehicles,” he said. “Instead, the SELF DRIVE Act protects auto manufacturers and technology companies from legal responsibility when their unregulated products put consumers at risk.”

This news comes shortly after major trucking company Daimler Trucks purchased a majority share in Torc Robotics in efforts to work toward Level 4 autonomous truck development. The companies see the path to AV trucking as a marathon rather than a sprint, and believe they can bring automated trucks to mainstream transportation by 2030.

SAE Level 4 is the name for a truck’s ability to operate without driver assistance or input during certain conditions or in specific areas.

The companies have also been urging Tier 2 suppliers for additional safety tech, and announced that Daimler’s Autonomous Technology Group would build headquarters in Albuquerque. The center will boost testing capabilities and data collection for the use of innovative vehicle technology on public roads.

Torc Robotics CEO Michael Fleming noted that there are still many obstacles ahead, and that safety-focused technology is not quite ready for commercial deployment.

“We have been engaging Tier 1 suppliers with new requirements, trying to push the envelope on radar, lidar, and cameras, and also compute systems at the same time,” he explained. “At the end of the day, when we bring product to market, it has to be cost-effective, meet the performance specifications to address not only safety, but ensuring we can drive efficiently to the destination and deliver goods in a timely fashion…There isn’t, in my opinion, automated vehicle hardware commercially available that meets all three today.”

Still, collaboration is key to pushing new methods of safety technology forward, Fleming said.

“Daimler’s commitment to safety, innovation leadership of truck technology, and foundational knowledge of on-road scenarios that truckers encounter has moved our system faster than we could have done alone as a technology firm.”

UPS Asks Again for Driver Instructor Requirement Exemption

January 6, 2021 by Levinson and Stefani Leave a Comment

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration originally denied UPS Inc.’s request for exemption from driver training requirements. These requirements mandate an instructor have at least two years’ training experience, and UPS is now asking for reconsideration of this request once again.

FMCSA turned down the major shipping company’s request for exemption on the basis that it hadn’t given sufficient data on how the exemption may affect driver and road safety. FMCSA also stated that UPS’ request failed to detail how the requested exemption would allow for safety levels that would be equal to or greater than those achievable by complying with the driver training rule as is.

UPS believes that its fleet–the largest in the country–needs this particular exemption so that it can continue its proper highway and public safety training for its drivers, claiming that it needs to be able to surpass current requirements, as it has been doing thus far.

In its second exemption request, UPS gave FMCSA the necessary new information mentioned in the agency’s original notice of denial, specifically noting that many UPS locations have seen large amounts of fast turnover with driver trainers.

“UPS stated that it has had to hire 100 candidates to attempt to net the 50 driver trainer positions necessary across the U.S.,” said FMCSA in its notice. “Of the 100 hired, UPS has been able to retain only 38 trainers for the reasons explained in the request for reconsideration.”

Additionally, UPS claimed in its original request that its driver training programs have successfully trained hundreds of instructors, even though many of them had not had any previous commercial driver’s license experience beforehand.

“UPS driver training school instructors have, on average, 20 years of UPS experience, hold a CDL of the same or higher class, and all the endorsements necessary to operate a CMV for which training is required,” said the Federal Register announcement from FMCSA. “Additionally, all UPS driver instructors are required to be re-certified every 90 days to demonstrate the same skill level shown for their original driver training school certification. UPS further performs internal quality assessments to validate that instructor skill sets are maintained throughout the organization.”

FMCSA accepted public comments regarding UPS’s secondary request for one month after it was published in the Federal Register at the end of September.

“UPS believes that its current process of preparing driver trainers exceeds any skill set gained merely by operating a tractor-trailer for two years,” said the carrier in a statement. “The company also believes that a two-year experience requirement doesn’t automatically equate to success as a commercial motor vehicle driver trainer.”

In its previous request, UPS saw 112 comments, with 58 in support, before FMCSA’s original decision. The rest of the comments were either in opposition or had no particular position, according to FMCSA.

The original exemption request also explained that the proposed flexibility was necessary in order for union contractual requirements to be met. Six current employees of UPS must have a promotion opportunity for each new hire that is on-boarded, according to the company’s collective bargaining agreement with the Teamsters union.

This request for reconsideration comes during a time when many safety-related regulations are in the midst of change, such as hours-of-service rules and commercial driver’s license obtainment requirements. Various driver and road safety advocacy groups have been fighting against these relaxed regulations, especially because they seem to be aiming to meet a desperate attempt to fill driver seats during a nationwide driver shortage and to keep drivers on the road longer when delivery demand is high.

These more flexible rules are sure to bring more inexperienced and fatigued drivers to America’s roadways for longer periods of time, and many safety-focused groups and organizations say this is detrimental to the country’s overall road safety. To loosen driver training instructor requirements for UPS, America’s largest delivery fleet, could possibly bring even more major safety concerns than we already have.

In regards to this case, “FMCSA will also continue to file, in the public docket, relevant information that becomes available after the comment closing data,” said the agency in the Federal Register. “Interested persons should continue to examine the public docket for new material.”